free radical

noun

: an especially reactive atom or group of atoms that has one or more unpaired electrons
especially : one that is produced in the body by natural biological processes or introduced from an outside source (such as tobacco smoke, toxins, or pollutants) and that can damage cells, proteins, and DNA by altering their chemical structure

Examples of free radical in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
There is also considerable evidence that alcohol can trigger the body to release harmful molecules called free radicals. Pranoti Mandrekar, The Conversation, 7 Apr. 2025 When enough oxidizing molecules, also called free radicals, show up as an unavoidable byproduct of cells using energy, KEAP1 gets deactivated. Lauren Leffer, Popular Science, 27 Mar. 2025 Oxidative stress is an imbalance in the body of unstable molecules called free radicals and antioxidants. Emily Kay Votruba, EverydayHealth.com, 12 Mar. 2025 The antioxidant ingredient can also help to protect the skin against free radical damage and wrinkles according to a study. Rosa Jisoo Pyo, Vogue, 28 Mar. 2025 See All Example Sentences for free radical

Word History

First Known Use

1870, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of free radical was in 1870

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Cite this Entry

“Free radical.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/free%20radical. Accessed 22 Apr. 2025.

Medical Definition

free radical

noun
: an especially reactive atom or group of atoms that has one or more unpaired electrons
especially : one that is produced in the body by natural biological processes or introduced from outside (as in tobacco smoke, toxins, or pollutants) and that can damage cells, proteins, and DNA by altering their chemical structure

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