harden

verb

hard·​en ˈhär-dᵊn How to pronounce harden (audio)
hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
ˈhär-dᵊn-iŋ

transitive verb

1
: to make hard or harder
2
: to confirm in disposition, feelings, or action
especially : to make callous
hardened his heart
3
a
: inure, toughen
harden troops
b
: to inure to unfavorable environmental conditions (such as cold)
often used with off
harden off seedlings before transplanting
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or placement underground)

intransitive verb

1
: to become hard or harder
2
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to assume an appearance of harshness or severity
her face hardened at the thought
3
: to become gradually acclimatized to unfavorable conditions
often used with off
plants hardened off before the first frost

Examples of harden in a Sentence

The presence of certain substances in the blood can cause the arteries to harden. These additives are designed to harden the steel. substances that can harden the arteries The news has hardened opposition to the government. He had been hardened by his years of military service.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
It’s not hardened against attack the way some other secure browsers are. PC Magazine, 11 Apr. 2025 This ultra-fine, sub-10 nanometers coherent lamellar structure slowed dislocation and stacking fault movement, stores deficits efficiently, boosts strain hardening, and prevents strain from building up in one spot. Georgina Jedikovska, Interesting Engineering, 10 Apr. 2025 Capital Economics cited a drop in consumer travel demand and fewer tourist visits, especially from Canada, where sentiment has hardened toward the United States because of the trade war. Paul Davidson, USA Today, 10 Apr. 2025 For example, the swelling in your leg might go from mild to severe, and areas of your skin might harden. Ruth Jessen Hickman, Md, Verywell Health, 10 Apr. 2025 See All Example Sentences for harden

Word History

First Known Use

13th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of harden was in the 13th century

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Harden.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/harden. Accessed 21 Apr. 2025.

Kids Definition

harden

verb
hard·​en ˈhärd-ᵊn How to pronounce harden (audio)
hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
-ᵊn-iŋ
1
: to make or become hard or harder
2
: to make unfeeling or unsympathetic
hardened his heart
3
: to make or become hardy or strong
muscles hardened by exercise
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or by placing underground)
hardened missile sites
5
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to express harshness
hardener
ˈhärd-nər
-ᵊn-ər
noun

Biographical Definition

Harden 1 of 2

biographical name (1)

Har·​den ˈhär-dᵊn How to pronounce Harden (audio)
Sir Arthur 1865–1940 English chemist

Harden

2 of 2

biographical name (2)

Maximilian 1861–1927 originally Felix Ernst Witkowski German writer

More from Merriam-Webster on harden

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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